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VIII. Scale & Mode Terminology

Parent Scale

A traditional scale (pentatonic, diatonic, whole-tone, etc.) that contains an orbit’s pitch-class set as a subset. Parent-scale containment is a set-theoretic fact, not a claim about derivation.

Step Sequence

The ordered tuple of semitone gaps between consecutive pitch classes of a chord (within one octave, including wrap-around). Always sums to 12.

Mode

A cyclic rotation of the step sequence — starting on a different note of the chord. Each mode is a different “entry point” into the same pitch collection.

Step-Size Multiset

The step sequence sorted in ascending order. Rotation-invariant. Characterizes the orbit’s melodic vocabulary regardless of mode. Two orbits may share a multiset (multiset collision) while having different cyclic orderings.

Multiset Collision

Two orbits sharing the same step-size multiset but different cyclic orderings. Collisions: {2,2,3,5} = Summit Q777 and Plateau Q877; {2,3,3,4} = Plateau Q787 and Upper Slope Q786; {2,2,4,4} = Saddle Q686 and Precipice Q688; {1,3,3,5} = Valley Q878 and Lower Slope Q876. Used compositionally for “shadow” effects.

Scale Families

The eight parent scales of OTH, organized into four families:

FamilyScaleNotesModesOrbits
IMajor Pentatonic55Summit, Plateau Q877
IMinor Pentatonic (rotation)55Plateau Q787
IIChromatic-Pentatonic (D♭)66Upper Slope Q776, Valley Q878, Lower Slope Q876
IIChromatic-Pentatonic (E♭)66Upper Slope Q786
IIAll-Interval Heptatonic77Lower Slope Q867
IIIWhole-Tone61Saddle Q686, Valley Q868, Precipice Q688
IVHeptatonic Chromatic-Pentatonic77Valley Q767, Precipice Q788
IVNarrows Hexatonic66Narrows Q676

Total: 8 distinct parent scales, 43 distinct modes.

Cadential Scalar Arc

The characteristic progression of scale families through a full OTH cadence: Pentatonic → Chromatic-Pentatonic → Whole-Tone → Chromatic-Pentatonic → Pentatonic

The whole-tone region at the center is the “eye of the storm” — structurally the highest tension (Saddle, structural dominant), but melodically the smoothest (no semitones, no direction). Character lives at home; the dominant is the void you pass through.